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What Makes A Vineyard Organic?
The quality of an organic wine (even more than for a non-organic wine) starts in the vineyard. The principal characteristics of organically grown grapes are the lack of chemical residues. If you add to that low yields in the vineyards, you not only improve the quality of the grapes, but also improve the sustainability of the vineyards as the vines are naturally more resistant to disease. Organic regulations therefore prohibit any kind of treatments with synthetic chemical products (herbicides, pesticides or fertilisers). Instead of chemical fertilisers, the vineyards are treated with green composts (organic material recycled from composted cellar residues and shredded vine shoots) which maintain the soil's balance. In organic vineyards, the living soil (which is full of worms and bacteria) allows the vines to draw up essential minerals, which improves the health of the vine. Cover crops are planted between the rows to provide habitats for natural predators such as beetles, spiders, insects and birds that control unwanted pests. If spraying is required, approved biodegradable mixtures and natural salts may be used. These treatments can represent an increase in cost of around 10% over and above the cost of conventional viticulture. But this is a small price to pay to drink great tasting wine grown without unnecessary chemicals (which can often be tasted in non-organic wines). Why is Biodynamic Different? Biodynamic agriculture is the oldest consciously organic approach to vineyard management and is one of the most sustainable in existence. It is sometimes referred to as 'premium organic' as it takes organics a step further by approaching the vineyard with a holistic and spiritual understanding of the larger environment. Based on pioneering research by Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925), it is a chemical free regenerative agriculture that produces both healthier soil and vines so that they work together in rhythm and harmony to bear better quality fruit. The main differences from organic vineyard management is that:
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